Complete Review On Recent Advancement And Development For The Treatment Of Hypertension
Main Article Content
Abstract
Hypertension affect daily life of individuals also it is a long-lasting condition with the primary underlying cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide and a significant risk factor foe heart disease, kidney disease, and cerebrovascular illness. It also has an adverse effect on life quality, as per the claim by WHO that the hypertension is a leading cause of death in high-income nations, where it is still mainly underdiagnosed and undertreated, hypertension is having an increasing impact right now, especially in low-income nations. Tentatively 24% men’s and 23% women’s in between the 20 to 70 years adult old population had hypertension, which is estimated on the basis of reading more than or equal to 140/90 mm Hg patients are currently taking anti-hypertension drug either in combination of as single during the period of condition. Studies on genetics and pharmacogenomics of primary hypertension during the past 20 years have produced interesting results that suggest the importance of genetics, but no specific information that can be used to tailor treatment. ACE inhibitors, calcium channel blockers, beta blockers, and renin inhibitors are just some of the traditional medications that are available to treat hypertension. There are several researches available and also still going on hypertension medication. A new medication might significantly improve on currently used treatments for hypertension but they cannot cure hypertension completely .all we can do is reduce the risk factor by changing dietary and lifestyle habits. The current review focuses on how new technological and dedicational advancements might help in the diagnosis and treatment of hypertension.
Downloads
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
References
Grad man AH, Vivas Y. “New drugs for hypertension: what do they offer?” Current hypertension reports. 2006 Sep; 8(5):425-32.
Cohen JD. “Managing hypertension: state of the science.” The Journal of Clinical Hypertension. 2006 Oct; 8:5-11.
Hyman BN, Moser M. “Hypertension update.” Survey of ophthalmology. 1996 Jul 1; 41(1):79-89.
Grad man AH, Vivas Y. “New drugs for hypertension: what do they offer?” Current hypertension reports. 2006 Sep; 8(5):425-32.
Kitt J, Fox R, Tucker KL, McManus RJ. “New approaches in hypertension management: a review of current and developing technologies and their potential impact on hypertension care.” Current hypertension reports. 2019 Jun; 21:1-8.
Israili ZH, Hernández-Hernández R, Valasco M. “The future of antihypertensive treatment.” American journal of therapeutics. 2007 Mar 1; 14(2):121-34.
Rahmawati R, Bajorek BV. “Self-medication among people living with hypertension: a review.” Family practice. 2017 Apr 1; 34(2):147-53.
Van de Water A, Janssen’s W, Van Neuten J, et al.: “Pharmacological and hemodynamic profile of nebivolol, a chemically novel, potent, and selective beta 1-adresnergic antagonist.” J Cardiovascular Pharmacol 1988, 11:552–563.
Janssen’s WJ: “Pharmacology of nebivolol.” J Pharm Beg 1992, 47:323–327.
Rozec B, Quang TT, and Noireaud J, et al.: “Mixed beta (3) - adrenoceptor agonist and alpha (1)-adrenoceptor antagonist properties of nebivolol in rat thoracic aorta.” Br J Pharmacol 2006, 147:699–706.
Dessy C, Saliez J, and Ghisdal P, et al.: “Endothelial 3-adrenoreceptors mediate nitric oxide–dependent vasorelaxation of coronary micro vessels in response to the third generation beta-blocker nebivolol.” Circulation 2005, 112:1198–1205.
McEniery CM, Schmitt M, and Qasem A, et al.: “Nebivolol increases arterial distensibility in vivo.” Hypertension 2004, 44:305–310.
Dawes M, Chowienczyk PJ, Ritter JM: “Effects of inhibition of the L-arginine/nitric oxide pathway on vasodilation caused by beta-adrenergic agonists in human forearm.” Circulation 1997, 95:2293–2297.
Mason P, Kalinowski L, and Jacob R, et al.: “Nebivolol reduces nitroxidative stress and restores nitric oxide bioavailability in endothelium of black Americans.” Circulation 2005, 112:3795–3801.
Stanton a, Jensen C, Nussberger J, et al.: “Blood pressure lowering in essential hypertension with an oral renin inhibitor, aliskiren.” Hypertension 2003, 42:1137–1143.
Ericsson H, Tholander B, and Bjorkman JA, et al.: “Pharmacokinetics of new calcium channel antagonist clevidipine in the rat, rabbit, and dog and pharmacokinetic / pharmacodynamics relationship in anesthetized dogs”. Drug me tab Dispose 1999, 27:558–564.
Schwieler JH, Ericsson H, Lofdahl P, et al.: “Circulatory effects and pharmacology of clevidipine, a novel ultra-short acting and vascular selective calcium antagonist, in hypertensive humans.” J Cardiovascular Pharmacol 1999, 34:268–274.
Kirchengast M, Witte K, Stolpe K, et al.: “Effects of chronic Endothelin ET (A) receptor blockade on blood pressure and vascular formation of cyclic guanosine3’, 5’-monophosphate in spontaneously hypertensive rats.” Arzneimittelforschung 2005, 55:498–504.
Strachan F, Spratt JC, and Wilkinson IB, et al.: “Systemic blockade of the Endothelin-B receptor increases peripheral vascular resistance in healthy men.” Hypertension 1999, 33:581–585.
Nakov R, Pharr E, and Eberle S, et al.: “Darusentan: an effective Endothelin-A receptor antagonist for treatment of hypertension HEAT Investigators.” Am J Hypertension 2002, 15:583– 589.
Palazzuoli A, Calabria P, Verzuri MS, et al. “Carvedilol: something else than a simple beta-blocker?” Eur Rev Medical Pharmacol Sci. 2002; 6:115–126.
Bakris GL, Bell DS, Fonseca V, et al. “The rationale and design of the glycaemic effects in diabetes mellitus: Carvedilol-Metoprolol Comparison in Hypertensive (GEMINI) trial.” J Diabetes Complications. 2005; 19:74–79.
Jacob S, Balletshofer B, Henriksen EJ, et al. “Beta-blocking agents in patients with insulin resistance: effects of vasodilating beta-blockers [Review].” Blood Press. 1999; 8: 261–268.
Vyssoulis GP, Marinakis AG, Aznaouridis KA, et al. “The impact of third-generation beta-blocker antihypertensive treatment on endothelial function and the prothrombotic state: effects of smoking.” Am J hypertension. 2004; 17:582– 589.
Fogari R, Zoppi A, Corradi L, et al. “Beta-blocker effects on plasma lipids during prolonged treatment of hypertensive patients with hypercholesterolemia.” J Cardiovascular Pharmacol. 1999; 33:534–539.
Cazzola M, Noschese P, D’Amato G, et al. “The pharmacologic treatment of uncomplicated arterial hypertension in patients with airway dysfunction.” Chest. 2002; 121:230–241.
Vyssoulis GP, Marinakis AG, Aznaouridis KA, et al. “The impact of third-generation beta-blocker antihypertensive treatment on endothelial function and the prothrombotic state: effects of smoking.” Am J hypertension. 2004; 17:582– 589.
Witchitz S, Cohen-Solal A, Dartois N, et al. “Treatment of heart failure with celiprolol, a cardio selective beta blocker with beta-2 agonist vasodilatory properties.” The CELICARD Group. Am J Cordial. 2000; 85:1467– 1471.
Dive V, Chang CF, Yiotakis A, Sturrock ED. “Inhibition of zinc metallopeptidases in cardiovascular disease—from unity to trinity, or duality?” Curr Pharm Des 2009; 15:3606–3621.
Intengan HD, Schiffrin EL. “Vasopeptidases inhibition has potent effects on blood pressure and resistance arteries in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats.” Hypertension 2000; 35:1221–1225.
Kostis JB, Packer M, Black HR, Schmieder R, Henry D, Levy E. “Omapatrilat and enalapril in patients with hypertension: the Omapatrilat Cardiovascular Treatment vs. Enalapril (OCTAVE) trial.” Am J hypertension 2004; 17:103-111.
Tabrizchi R. Omapatrilat. Bristol-Myers Squibb. “Current opinion in investigational drugs (London, England: 2000).” 2001 Oct 1; 2(10):1414-22.
Ruilope LM, Dukat A, Bo¨hm M, Lacourcie`re Y, Gong J, Lefkowitz MP. “Blood pressure reduction with LCZ696, a novel dual-acting inhibitor of the angiotensin II receptor and Neprilysin: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, active comparator study.” Lancet 2010; 375:1255–1266.
Gao Q, Xu L, and Cai J. “New drug targets for hypertension: A literature review.” Biochemical ET Biophysical Act: Molecular Basis of Disease. 2021; 1867(3):166037-166037.
Oparil S, Haber E. “The renin-angiotensin system (second of two parts).” N Engl J Med. 1974; 291:446–457.
Ocaranza MP, Moya J, Barrientos V, et al. “Angiotensin-(1-9) reverses experimental hypertension and cardiovascular damage by inhibition of the angiotensin converting enzyme/Ang II axis.” J hypertension. 2014; 32:771– 783.
Ferreira AJ, Shenoy V, Qi Y, Fraga-Silva RA, Santos RA, Katovich MJ, Raizada MK. “Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 activation protects against hypertension-induced cardiac fibrosis involving extracellular signal-regulated kinases.” Exp Physiol. 2011; 96:287–294.
Kulemina LV, Ostrov DA. “Prediction of off-target effects on angiotensin-converting enzyme 2.” J Biomol Screen. 2011; 16:878–885.
Ferreira AJ, Shenoy V, Yamazato Y, Sriramula S, Francis J, Yuan L, Castellanos RK, Ostrov DA, Oh SP, Katovich MJ, Raizada MK. “Evidence for angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 as a therapeutic target for the prevention of pulmonary hypertension.” Am J Respire Crit Care Med. 2009; 179:1048–1054.
Treml B, Neu N, Kleinsasser A, Gritsch C, Finsterwalder T, Geiger R, Schuster M, Janzek E, Loibner H, Penninger J, Loeckinger A. “Recombinant angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 improves pulmonary blood flow and oxygenation in lipopolysaccharide-induced lung injury in piglets.” Crit Care Med. 2010; 38:596–601.
Haschke M, Schuster M, Poglitsch M, Loibner H, Salzburg M, Bruggisser M, Penninger J, Krähenbühl S. “Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of recombinant human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 in healthy human subjects.” Clin Pharmacokinetic. 2013; 52:783–792.
Petty WJ, Miller AA, McCoy TP, Gallagher PE, Tallant EA, Torti FM. “Phase I and pharmacokinetic study of angiotensin-(1-7), an endogenous antiangiogenic hormone.” Clin Cancer Res. 2009; 15:7398–7404.
Kluskens LD, Nelemans SA, Rink R, de Vries L, Meter-Arkema A, Wang Y, Walther T, Kuipers A, Moll GN, Haas M. “Angiotensin-(1-7) with together bridge: an angiotensin-converting enzyme-resistant, potent angiotensin-(1-7) analogy.” J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 2009; 328:849–854.
Santos SH, Andrade JM. Angiotensin 1-7: “a peptide for preventing and treating metabolic syndrome. Peptides.” 2014; 59:34–41.
Singh Y, Singh K, Sharma PL. “Effect of combination of renin inhibitor and Mas-receptor agonist in DOCA-salt-induced hypertension in rats.” Mol Cell Biochem. 2013; 373:189–194.
R.M. Carey, H.M. Siragy,” Newly recognized components of the renin-angiotensin system: potential roles in cardiovascular and renal regulation, Endocr.” Rev.2003; 261–271.
B.A. Kemp, N.L. Howell, S.R. Keller, J.J. Gildea, S.H. Padia, R.M. Carey, “AT2 receptor activation prevents sodium retention and reduces blood pressure in angiotensin II-dependent hypertension.” Circ. Res. 119:2016; 532–543.
Y. Wan, C. Wallinder, B. Plouffe, H. Beaudry, A.K. Maralinga, X. Wu, et al., “Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of the first selective non peptide AT2 receptor agonist.” J. Med. Chem. 47:2004; 5995–6008.
B.A. Kemp, N.L. Howell, J.J. Gildea, S.R. Keller, S.H. Padia, R.M. Carey, “AT2 receptor activation induces natriuretic and lowers blood pressure.” Circ. Res. 115:2014; 388–399.
L.C. Matavelli, J. Huang, H.M. Siragy, “Angiotensin AT2 receptor stimulation inhibits early renal inflammation in Reno vascular hypertension.” Hypertension 57:2011; 308–313.
Segura J, Praga M, Campo C, et al. “Combination is better than monotherapy with ACE inhibitor or angiotensin receptor antagonist at recommended doses.” J Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone Syst. 2003; 4:43–47.
Bakris GL, Smith DH, Giles TD, et al. “Comparative antihypertensive efficacy of angiotensin receptor blocker-based treatment in African-American and white patients.” J Clin hypertension (Greenwich). 2005; 7:587–595.
Schwenger V, Ritz E. “Audit of antihypertensive treatment in patients with renal failure.” Nephron Dial Transplant. 1998; 13:3091–309.
Tanemoto M, Abe T, Obara N, et al. “Successful treatment of severe hypertension with the combination of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor and angiotensin II receptor blocker.” Hypertension, Res. 2003; 26:863–868.
Sica DA. “Fixed-dose combination therapy: is it time for this approach to hypertension and dyslipidaemia management?” J Clin hypertension (Greenwich). 2004; 6:164– 167.
Preston RA, Harvey P, Herfert O, et al. “Reduction in Framingham Cardiovascular Risk with concomitant treatment of hypertension/dyslipidaemia with amlodipine/atorvastatin [Abstract].” Am J hypertension. 2005; 18: 226A.
Qato DM, Alexander GC, Conti RM, et al. “Use of prescription and over the-counter medications and dietary supplements among older adults in the United States.” JAMA 2008; 300: 2867–78.
Jensen MD, Ryan DH, Apovian CM, et al. 2013 “AHA/ACC/TOS guideline for the management of overweight and obesity in adults: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines and The Obesity Society.” J Am Coll Cardiol 2014; 63(25 Pt. B):2985–3023.
Sacks FM, Rosner B, Kass EH. “Blood pressure in vegetarians.” Am J Epidemiology 1974; 100:390–398
Brown MJ, Coltart J, Gunewardena K, Ritter JM, Auton TR, Glover JF. “Randomized double-blind placebo-controlled study of an angiotensin immunotherapeutic vaccine (PMD3117) in hypertensive subjects.” Clin Sci (Lond) 2004; 107: 167–173