Current Trends In The Hydrogel Technology

Abstract

The main matter which is involved in this review article is hydrogel ; having a  unique ability to absorb water and expand, effectively entrapping a considerable amount of water within their structure while remaining insoluble in water. These materials possess the remarkable ability to undergo substantial volume transitions, leading to significant alterations in size when subjected to a wide array of physical and chemical stimuli. The hydrophilicity of the polymer network is conferred by the presence of polar functional groups present within the structure. These hydrogels possess properties such as high water content, porosity, and a soft consistency, which enable them to closely mimic natural living tissues. The term "hydrogel," as noted by Lee, Kwon, and Park, can be traced back to an article published in 1894. Over the years, there has been a continuous evolution in the objectives, aspirations, and the diversity of materials employed in this field. Hydrogels are classified into various types on the basis of source, polymeric composition, biodegradability, configuration, physical appearance. Hydrogel-based delivery devices have various applications including wound healing, the creation of cosmetic products, designing contact lenses, ocular treatments, as well as for transdermal and topical applications.