Association of Inflammatory Markers with Outcome and Prognosis of COVID-19 Pneumonia

Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic, which was brought on by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, has created serious problems for global health. It is essential to comprehend the elements that affect the prognosis and severity of an illness. The results of COVID-19 pneumonia may be predicted by inflammatory markers such as C-reactive protein (CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), serum ferritin, and serum D-dimer.

Methods: To examine the relationship between these inflammatory markers and unfavourable outcomes in COVID-19 pneumonia, we carried out an 18-month observational research (February 2021 to August 2022) with 100 COVID-19-positive patients. We gathered demographic information, clinical information, and marker levels. Chi-squared tests and logistic regression were used in the statistical analysis.

Results: Patients with COVID-19 pneumonia had elevated levels of CRP, ESR, LDH, ferritin, and D-dimer. Increased levels of these markers were strongly linked to unfavourable results. The odds ratios, which varied from 2.12 to 2.59, showed that patients with increased markers were more likely to experience negative outcomes.

Conclusion: The clinical importance of tracking inflammatory markers in COVID-19 pneumonia patients is highlighted by our study, in its conclusion. Elevated levels of CRP, ESR, LDH, ferritin, and D-dimer may act as early markers of illness development and predictors of unfavourable results. During the ongoing COVID-19 epidemic, these markers may help with risk stratification and clinical decision-making, thereby enhancing patient care. These findings need to be expanded upon and validated by additional study.