A Review on Phytochemical Analysis of Some Medicinal Plants
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Abstract
Medicinal plants contain phytochemical like alkaloids, flavonoids, phenol, amino acids, protein, carbohydrates, saponin, tannin etc. Alkaloid plays an important role in the medicinal plant. Alkaloids are nitrogenous compound of low molecular weight. Alkaloids have diverse physiological effects: anti-bacterial, anti-mitotic, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, local anesthetic, hypnotic, psychotropic, and anti-cancer activity. Detection of the alkaloid can be done by standard experiments like Mayer’s test, Wagner's test, Dragendroff test, Fehling’s test and Molish’s test for carbohydrate, Ferric chloride test for flavonoids, foam test for saponin, Biuret test and Ninhydrin test for protein, Folin-Ciocalteu test for phenols others are Borntragers Test, Salkowski’s Test, Alkaline Reagent Test, Xanthoproteic Test, Ninhydrin Test, and Copper Acetate Test. The main objective intent of this study is to evaluate and review the profitability of determining secondary metabolites in the medicinal plants. Articles issued between the years 2012 to 2022 were encompassed in this review. Databases like PubMed, Google scholar were trouped for assemblage the articles. Key phrase like phytochemical analysis, alkaloid content, Mayer’s test, UV-visible spectrophotometer were accustomed for assemblages of articles. On comprehensive evaluation of articles application of Mayer’s test to determine alkaloids in various drugs for qualitative analysis and UV-vis spectrophotometer for quantitative work with comparative analysis.
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