Microbial Remediation as An Emerging Industrial Wastewater Treatment Process for Arsenic Extenuation

Abstract

In third-world nations where improper handling of industrial effluent treatment and administration has resulted in increased industrial wastewater contamination, this problem has gotten worse. An estimated 80% of wastewater that is contaminated with arsenic (As) is a result of contaminants in pesticides, municipal trash incineration, the leather industry, and consumption in the industry. An extremely dangerous threat to the lives of plants, animals, and people is posed by the deadly metalloid arsenic. Plants and animals are harmed by some As species, including As (III) and As (V). Various traditional techniques are being used for cleanup As in industrial wastewater. The lack of technical skills and limited efficacy of these procedures are their main drawbacks. Industrial water microbial As remediation has recently emerged as a viable solution owing to its widespread acceptability and low cost. The function of microbial remediation of As in industrial wastewater is thoroughly summarized in this current study. The purpose of utilizing microorganisms, as opposed to phytoremediation, is to cause dissolved arsenic species to be transformed microbially into arsine gas that is released into the atmosphere at non-toxic levels (dilution effect). There won't be any solid or liquid waste produced, in contrast to phytoremediation, where arsenic accumulates in plant material (creating trash), and this is only one of the major advantages of the microbial technique because managing solid/liquid arsenic-rich waste is a major problem and financial burden. The review article focuses on the possible ways of arsenic remediation by microbial action selecting industrial wastewater.