Evaluation of Antimicrobial Properties of Linen Fabrics Dyed with Medicinal Herbal Extracts

Abstract

The demand for sustainable and multifunctional textiles has driven research into natural dyeing
using medicinal herbs with antimicrobial properties. This study evaluates the antimicrobial
efficacy of linen fabrics dyed with aqueous extracts, of neem (Azadirachta indica), tulsi
(Ocimum sanctum), and turmeric (Curcuma longa). A total of 120 linen samples were dyed
under controlled conditions and tested against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli using
the AATCC 100 quantitative method. Statistical analyses including one-way ANOVA and
Tukey's HSD test confirmed significant bacterial reduction confirmed significant bacterial
reduction (>95%) for neem and tulsi, and moderate reduction (~89%) for turmeric. Expert
evaluation via a detailed 25-item questionnaire (n=30) assessed aesthetic, functional, and
medical suitability. Results demonstrate the potential of herbal dyes as eco-friendly antimicrobial
finishes for linen textiles, with durability and safety suitable for medical and hygienic
applications.