The Use of a Self-Designed Dental Storybook as a Dental Anxiety Reduction Medium Among Paediatric Patients: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial
Main Article Content
Abstract
Background: Dental anxiety is a major obstacle to children receiving dental
care, which can increase their fear. It is of the utmost importance to manage
patients with dental anxiety or dental fear in a manner that complements their
conflicts. A pediatric dentist’s role is to perform effective treatment using various
non-pharmacological behavior management techniques. Aims: Aim of this study
is to evaluate the effectiveness of a self-designed dental storybook in reducing
dental anxiety among children between 5-9 years. Materials and Methods: The
study was conducted on 54 children aged 5-9 years. Children were randomly
allocated into two groups, namely, Control group (did not receive story book)
and Intervention group (received story book). Research was carried out in two
dental visits (screening and examination visit and preventive and restorative
treatment) wherein, before and after intervention, Venham Clinical Anxiety Scale
(VCAS), Facial Image Scale (FIS), and Frankel’s Behavior Rating Scale (FBRS)
were recorded. The data were statistically analyzed using Wilcoxon signed rank
test, applied and tabulated using the SPSS software version 25.0. Results: The
intervention group showed significantly lower anxiety and more cooperative
behavior during treatment than the control group. Conclusion: Self-designed
dental storybook as an adjuvant was found to be promising behavior modification
technique for 5-9 year old children.
Downloads
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
References
Alsaadoon AM, Sulimany AM, Hamdan HM, Murshid EZ. The use of a dental storybook as a dental anxiety reduction medium among pediatric patients: a randomized controlled clinical trial. Children. 2022 Mar 1;9(3):328.
Deshpande A, Jain A, Shah Y, Jaiswal V, Wadhwa M. Effectiveness of self-designed dental storybook as behavior modification technique in 5–7 year-old children: A randomized controlled study. Journal of Indian Society of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry. 2022 Jul 1;40(3):253-9.
Tahmassebi JF, Malik M,Berg N, Pavitt S, Gray-Burrows K, O’Grady A. Using process drama to explore the causes of dental anxiety in primary-school children. European Archives of Paediatric Dentistry. 2021;22(5):869-77.
Susilo CW, Fauziah E, Rizal MF, Suharsini M. Impact of Usingan Educational Pop-up Book to Address Dental Anxiety in Hearing Impaired Children. Journal of International Dental and Medical Research. 2018;11(1):135-8.
Vishwakarma AP, Bondarde PA, Patil SB, Dodamani AS, Vishwakarma PY, Mujawar SA. Effectiveness of twodifferent behavioral modification techniques among 5–7-year-old children: A randomized controlled trial. Journal of Indian Society of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry. 2017;35(2):143-9.
Desai SP, Shah PP, Jajoo SS, Smita PS. Assessment of parental attitude toward different behavior management techniques used in pediatric dentistry. Journal of Indian Society of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry. 2019;37(4):350-9.
Melamed BG, Hawes RR, Heiby E, Glick J. Use of filmed modeling to reduce uncooperative behavior of children during dental treatment. Journal of Dental Research. 1975;54(4):797-801.
Fox C, Newton JT. A controlled trial of the impact of exposure to positive images of dentistry on anticipatory dental fear in children. Community dentistry and oral epidemiology. 2006 Dec;34(6):455-9.
Moura BF, Imparato JC, Parisotto TM, Benedetto MD. Child’s anxiety preceding the dental appointment: Evaluation through a playful tool as a conditioning feature. RGO-Rev Gaúcha Odontol 2015;63:455-60.
Agras S, Sylvester D,Oliveau D. The epidemiology of common fears and phobia. Comprehensive psychiatry. 1969 Mar 1;10(2):151-6.
Deshpande AN, Shah YS, Jain A. Effectiveness of Euphemism with and without Self-designed Pictorial Flashcard in the Form of Dental Pictionary as Behavior Modification Technique in 4–6-year-old Children: A Randomized Controlled Study. Journal of South Asian Association of Pediatric Dentistry. 2022 May;5(2):60.
Gray C, Garand J. Social stories: Improving responses of students with autism with accurate social information. Focus Autism Dev Disabil 1993;8:1-10.
Folayan MO, Idehen EE. Effect of information on dental anxiety and behaviour ratings in children. European Journal of Paediatric Dentistry. 2004 Mar;5:147-50.
Marion IW, Nelson TM, Sheller B, McKinneyCM, Scott JM. Dental stories for children with autism. Spec Care Dentist 2016;36:181-6.
Koenigsberg SR, Johnson R. Child behavior during sequential dental visits. The Journal of the American Dental Association. 1972 Jul 1;85(1):128-32.
Aminabadi NA, Vafaei A, Erfanparast L, Oskouei SG, Jamali Z. Impact of pictorial story on pain perception, situational anxiety and behavior in children: A cognitive-behavioral schema. J Clin Pediatr Dent 2011;36:127-32.
Krishnappa S, Srinath S, Vishwanath SK, Bhardwaj P,Singh R. Evaluation of facial image scale and venham picture test used to assess dental anxiety in children. J Indian Assoc Public Health Dent 2013;11:31.
Tickle M, Jones C, Buchannan K, Milsom KM, Blinkhorn AS, Humphris GM. A prospective study of dental anxiety in a cohort of children followed from 5 to 9 years of age. International journal of paediatric dentistry. 2009 Jul;19(4):225-32.
Dahlander A, Soares F, Grindefjord M, Dahllöf G. Factors associated with dental fear and anxiety in children aged 7 to 9 years. Dentistry journal. 2019 Jul 1;7(3):68.
Al‐Yateem N, Brenner M, Shorrab AA, Docherty C. Play distraction versus pharmacological treatment to reduce anxiety levels in children undergoing day surgery: a randomized controlled non‐inferiority trial. Child:care, health and development. 2016 Jul;42(4):572-81.
Baier K, Milgrom P, Russell S, Mancl L, Yoshida T. Children's fear and behavior in private pediatric dentistry practices. Pediatric dentistry. 2004 Jul 1;26(4):316-21.
Singh D, Samadi F, Jaiswal J, Tripathi AM. Stress reduction through audio distraction in anxious pediatric dental patients: An adjunctive clinical study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2014;7:149-52.
Buchanan H, Niven N. Validation of a facial image scale to assess child dental anxiety. Int JPaediatr Dent 2002;12:47-52.
Elicherla, S.R.; Bandi, S.; Nuvvula, S.; Saikiran, K.V.; Priyanka, V.J. Comparative evaluation of the effectiveness of a mobile app (Little Lovely Dentist) and the tell–show–do technique in the management of dental anxiety andfear: A randomized controlled trial. J. Dent. Anesth. Pain Med. 2019, 19, 369–378.
Ten Berge M, Veerkamp JS, Hoogstraten J, Prins PJ. Childhood dental fear in the Netherlands: prevalence and normative data. Community dentistry and oral epidemiology. 2002 Apr;30(2):101-7.