Management of Fusarium Wilt of Tomato by Using Different Plant Parts of Brassica Nigra(Mustard)

Abstract

Fusarium wilt of tomato is one of the most destructive diseases worldwide and causesconsiderable losses to tomatoes both in greenhouse and in field conditions.In the present study,five different parts, (leaves, flowers, stem, seeds and oil) of Brassica nigra (Black mustard)wereapplied in different doses both under in-vitro and in-vivo conditions to manage Fusariumwilt disease of tomato caused byFusarium oxysporumf. sp. lycopersici (Fol). From each plantpart five different doses (4, 8, 12, 16 and 20 g/L or ml/L Potato Dextrose Agar medium) wereused to study their inhibitory effect on the mycelial growth of Fol, while in the screen housestudies doses of 10,20, 30, 40 and 50 g/kg soil or ml/kg soil were used to control the Fusariumwilt disease of tomato. Each treatment was replicated five times in a Complete RandomizedDesign (CRD). Extracted oil was found to be the most effective against Fol under in-vitroconditions by inhibiting the % mycelial growth to 65.96%, followed by seeds (56.37%), flowers
(54.50%) and leaves (50.64%). Among doses the highest dose of 20 g/L or ml/L was moreeffective as compared to their corresponding low doses of 4 g/L or ml/L.Mustard stem wasfound to be least effective and non-significant result was recorded for all doses. In the in-vivostudies, maximum reduction in AUDPC was achieved by oil followed by seeds, flowers andleaves while growth parameters (root length, shoot length and fresh biomass) were effectivelyenhanced by oil followed by seeds, flowers and leaves. B. nigra plant parts were observed to bemore effective in high dose of 50 g/kg soil or ml/kg soil than lower dose of 10 g/kg soil or ml/kgsoil except mustard oil which was phytotoxic to tomato plant resulting in reduction of the growthparameters at 50 ml/kg soil. Mustard stem was found to be the least effective. It is concluded thatmustard oil @40 ml/kg soil and the other plant parts @50 g/kg soil can be used for effectivecontrol of the disease. However, the cost benefit ratio should be worked outcarefully.