Coagulation Markers as Predictive and Prognostic Factors in Carcinoma Breast Patients with Lymph Node Metastasis

Abstract

Objective: The purpose of this prospective observational study was to evaluate the predictive and prognostic value of coagulation markers in patients with lymph node metastases and cancer of the breast, as well as their associations with important histopathologic criteria. Methods: Between December 2020 and July 2022, 100 patients from the surgery department of a tertiary hospital were enrolled in the study. D-dimer, fibrinogen, and prothrombin time were assessed as coagulation indicators. Documented histopathologic characteristics included tumor grade, size, lymph node involvement, and estrogen receptor status. Chi-square tests, t-tests, Kaplan-Meier survival curves, and log-rank tests were all used in the statistical study. Results: Elevated D-dimer levels were significantly associated with higher tumor grade (p < 0.05) and lymph node involvement (p < 0.01). Elevated fibrinogen levels were linked to larger tumor size (p < 0.05). Abnormal coagulation markers were correlated with reduced disease-free survival (p < 0.001). Conclusion: In breast cancer patients with lymph node metastases, coagulation indicators have the potential to predict disease severity and prognoses. Together with established parameters, their clinical utility may result in more precise care and better patient outcomes