Impact of Climate Change on Public Health in India: Action to Tackle Climate Crisis, a Systematic Review

Abstract

Climate change as ‘a change of climate that is attributed directly or indirectly to human activity that alters the composition of the global atmosphere and that is in addition to natural climate variability observed over comparable time periods (UNFCCC). The main aim is to Studying about the climate change will help us to know about how the climate change create impact on public health and how to tackle climate crisis. Online data-based PubMed Central (PMC), Science Direct, GoogleScholar, Shodhganga, ResearchGate, etc. were systemically searched for articles has been published within the last 10 years (after 2012).The study screened 1632 articles, excluding 813 that were not relevant or did not meet inclusion criteria. The remaining 201 articles were assessed for eligibility and quality, excluding 189. We are then included 12 studies in the qualitative synthesis based on relevance, appropriateness, eligibility, and quality, ensuring they met the criteria of the study. Climate change impacts human health and disease, leading to increased respiratory and cardiovascular diseases, injuries, and early deaths. It also affects food- and water-borne illnesses, infectious diseases, and mental health. The air quality worsens due to climate change, and children are impacted by natural disasters. Under nutrition, diarrheal diseases, low birth weight, and early mortality are the main health effects. Flood victims experience physical and psychological effects, and 72% of respondents believe climate change affects the general public's health. The literature review reveals that climate change is associated with various adverse health outcomes, including increased frequency and severity of extreme weather events, air pollution, waterborne diseases, food insecurity, and vector-borne diseases.