The Effects of Atorvastatin, Ginger, and Cinnamon on the Structure of Rats' Submandibular Salivary Gland Fed on Cholesterol-Rich Diet

Abstract

Hypercholesterolemia is a term used to describe high amounts of cholesterol in the blood. The statin family of substances, a heterogeneous collection of molecules that impede the action of HMG CoA reductase, is one of the most important synthetic pharmaceuticals used to address such disorders. Plant extracts are increasingly being utilized to treat a variety of diseases. According to studies, Cinnamon and ginger lowers blood triglycerides and total cholesterol while increasing HDL cholesterol, or high-density lipoprotein.

Aim of the Study: The present study's goal was to compare the effect of statin (Atorvastatin) and Herbals (Ginger+ Cinnamon) on the submandibular salivary gland of hypercholesterolemic albino rats.

Materials and Methods: There were two groups of 40 mature male albino rats. (1) Control group: rats were kept on a normal diet, (2) Experimental groups: Hypercholesterolemic group:  rats fed with hypercholesterolemic rich diet for 4 months, Atorvastatin and Cinnamon+ Ginger groups: rats were given Atorvastatin tablets and Cinnamon+ Ginger powder at the beginning of the third month with a dose of 10 mg/kg BW. and 6 gm \Kg. BW+ 100 mg\ Kg. BW respectively. Sections 5 mm thick of the parotid gland were examined histologically, ultra-structurally, and immunologically by anti-Caspase Ⅲ immune antibody.

Results: The high cholesterol group had significant degenerative alterations in the parenchymal parts of the submandibular salivary gland, whereas the Atorvastatin and Cinnamon+ Ginger groups demonstrated significant enhancing effects in the histological structure of the rat's submandibular gland.

Conclusion: To varying degrees, hypercholesterolemia wreaks havoc on the anatomy of the parotid gland. The use of Atorvastatin as a synthetic line of treatment for hypercholesterolemia improved submandibular gland tissue and blood cholesterol levels. Cinnamon+ Ginger administration improved submandibular gland tissue as a natural herbal remedy for high cholesterol levels in the blood.