Analysis of Histomorphological Spectrum of CNS Tumors in a Tertiary Care Centre

Abstract

Background: Central nervous system (CNS) tumours vary geographically and racially in incidence and distribution. They make up 2% of all cancers, with a rising incidence. Distinguishing non-neoplastic CNS lesions from brain tumours often requires histopathological examination due to clinical and radiological similarities. Therefore, this study formulated the analysis of histomorphological spectrum of CNS tumours in a tertiary care centre. Methodology: This retrospective study comprised 60 cases and was conducted at a tertiary healthcare hospital from July 2012 to July 2016. The cases were diagnosed through histopathological examination and categorized in accordance with the world health organization (WHO) 2016 classification. Results: Out of 60 cases, 31-40 age group had the highest number of cases, with 15 individuals affected, constituting 25.00% of the total cases. As age brackets increase, the incidence of CNS lesions rises. Astrocytomas constitute the most common CNS tumor (36.6%). The breakdown of tumor grades in relation to different age groups reveals that Grade II tumors display a broader distribution, occurring in every age group and accounting for a total of 10 cases. Conclusion: Our study identifies astrocytoma as the most common CNS tumor (22 cases in ages 31-50), followed by meningioma (6 cases in ages 31-60), and various other tumors with 6 cases each. Grade II tumors are prevalent (10 cases across all age groups).