Effect of potash fertilizer on spatial distribution of whitefly and Cotton Leaf Curl Disease (CLCuD) in hybrid cotton
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.69980/jaz.v43i1.5388Keywords:
Cotton, potassium, per cent disease index, cotton leaf curl disease, whiteflyAbstract
A field experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of potassium fertilization and foliar application of 1% KNO₃ on seed cotton yield, whitefly population, and incidence of Cotton Leaf Curl Disease (CLCuD) under medium and high potassium fertility soils. The results indicated that seed cotton yield was significantly influenced by potassium application. Overall, the mean seed cotton yield was significantly higher in high K fertility soil compared to medium K fertility soil. Application of potassium through soil as well as foliar spray significantly increased yield over the treatment receiving only the recommended dose of nitrogen and phosphorus (N175P60). The highest seed cotton yield was recorded in treatment T7 (N175P60 + K60 + foliar spray of 1% KNO₃) under medium K fertility soil, which was statistically at par with the recommended dose of N, P, and K (T6). Soil application of K at 30 kg per ha (T4) and its combination with foliar KNO₃ spray (T5) resulted in numerical increases in yield but were statistically non-significant. In high K fertility soil, treatments T3 (N175P60 + foliar spray of 1% KNO₃) and T4 (N175P60 + K30) showed comparable yields. Potassium fertilization also significantly reduced whitefly population and CLCuD incidence. The highest whitefly population (6.16) was observed in T2 (N175P60 + water spray), whereas the lowest population (5.52) was recorded in T7. Similarly, maximum disease intensity (21.29% PDI) was observed in T1 (N175P60), while the minimum (11.30% PDI) occurred in T7. Higher potassium fertility levels further reduced whitefly population and disease intensity compared to medium K fertility soil. The study indicates that balanced potassium fertilization, particularly K60 combined with foliar application of 1% of KNO₃, improves seed cotton yield and effectively reduces whitefly infestation and CLCuD incidence in cotton.
Downloads
References
1. http://www.mcxindia.com (accessed on 30 December, 2021)
2. Anupam, B. (2010). Cotton statistics at a glance. Directorate of Cotton Development Ministry of Agriculture, Government of India, Mumbai, 148.
3. Aumaitre, A. (2004) Safety Assessment and Feeding Value for Pigs, Poultry and Ruminant Animals of Pest Protected (Bt) Plants and Herbicide Tolerant (Glyphosate, Glufosinate) Plants: Interpretation of Experimental Results Observed Worldwide on GM Plants. Italian Journal of Animal Science, 3, 107-121. http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/ijas.2004.107
4. Buranakanonda, A. (1999) Bt cotton is potential economic savior of Chineses province. Bangkok Post, 6
5. Dhawan, A.K. (2000) Cotton pest scenario in India: Current status of insecticides and future perspectives. Agrolook, 1, 9-26.
6. Gormus, O. (2002), Effects of Rate and Time of Potassium Application on Cotton Yield and Quality in Turkey. Journal of Agronomy and Crop Science, 188: 382-388. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1439-037X.2002.00583.x
7. Hargreaves, H. (1984). List of recorded cotton insects of world. Commonwealth Institute of Entomology, London, 50.
8. Klaus, A. (2009) Human and Health-Rebuttal to a Review of Dona and Arvanitoyannis. 2009, Part One. European Fedeartion of Biotechnology.
9. Kumar, D., Yadav, S.S., Saini, V.K. and Dahiya, K.K. (2016). Impact analysis of genetically modified (Bt) cotton genotypes on economically important natural enemies under field conditions. Advances in Entomology, 4: 61-74.
10. Marschner, P. (2012). Mineral Nutrition of Higher Plants, 3rd Ed. Academic Press: London, UK., pp. 178–189.
11. Mengel, K., Kirkby. E.A. (1978). Potassium. In: Principles of plant nutrition. International Potash Institute, Bern, Switzerland, p. 367-390.
12. Pervez, H., Ashraf, M., & Makhdum, M. I. (2005). Influence of potassium rates and sources on seed cotton yield and yield components of some elite cotton cultivars. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 27(7), 1295–1317. https://doi.org/10.1081/PLN-120038549
13. Pervez, H., Ashraf, M., Makhdum, M.I., Mahmood, T. (2007). Potassium nutrition of cotton
14. (Gossypium hirsutum L.) in relation to cotton leaf curl virus disease in aridosols. Pak. J. Bot., 39(2): 529-539.
15. Prasad, D., Singh, R., Singh, A., (2010). Management of sheath blight of rice with integrated nutrients. Indian Phytopathol., 63: 11–15.
16. Prudic KL, Oliver JC and Bowers MD. (2005). Soil nutrient effects on oviposition preference, larval performance, and chemical defence of a specialist insect herbivore. Oecologia 143: 578587
17. Ram K, Kumar D, Kalkal D and Puneet. 2021. Seasonal abundance of sucking pests and natural enemies in Bt cotton ecosystem and their correlation with abiotic factors. The Pharma Innovation Journal, 2021; 10(10): 2065-2067.
18. Roud A. A. EI-Doksh,; Jehan B. EI-Nagar; Wafa H. Hegazy. (2005). Effect of potassium fertilizer on the population of certain sucking insects and their associated predators in cotton fields. Journal of Plant Protection and Pathology. Volume 30, Issue 9, Pages 5607-5615.
19. Sawan, Z. M., Fahmy, A. H., & Yousef, S. E. (2011). Effect of potassium, zinc and phosphorus on seed yield, seed viability and seedling vigor of cotton (Gossypium barbadense L.). Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science, 57(1), 75–90. https://doi.org/10.1080/03650340903222328
20. Shah, M.A., S. Sharma and J. Sharma. (2019). Bio-efficacy of potassium silicate against aphids and whitefly in potato. Potato Journal, 46(2):132-137.
21. Sonalkar, VU. (2019). Variation of major nutrients in leaves and their correlation with sucking pests of cotton, Gossypium spp. Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies. 2019; 7(2): 11401145
22. Thabet, A.F., H.A. Boraei, O.A. Galal, M.F. El-Samahy, K.M. Mousa, Y.Z. Zhang and T. Nozaki. (2021). Silica nanoparticles as pesticide against insects of different feeding types and their non-target attraction of predators. Scientific Reports, 11(1): 14484. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-93518-9
23. Wang, M., Zheng, Q., Shen, Q., Guo, S., 2013. The critical role of potassium in plant stress response. A Review. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 14, 7370-7390.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2022 Vivek Kumar Saini, Dalip Kumar , Devender Singh Jakhar , Devender Singh Jakhar , Naresh Kumar Yadav, Deepak Kumar , Deepika
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
