Diagnostic and Therapeutic Approach to Renal Lithiasis: Current Progress and Perspectives

Abstract

Renal lithiasis is a medical condition characterized by the formation of stones, known as stones, in the upper urinary tract. Its most frequent clinical manifestation is nephritic colic, which causes intense and acute pain in the renal area. This pathology is prevalent and affects approximately 10% of the population in non-industrialized areas. The purpose of this review is to exhaustively analyze the diagnosis and the various therapeutic alternatives used to treat renal lithiasis. The approach adopted in this research is qualitative, allowing a deep understanding of the aspects related to the diagnosis and treatment of this condition. Likewise, its scope is descriptive, which allows a detailed analysis of the findings obtained. For the collection of information, the documentary analysis method was used, which involved the review and evaluation of scientific articles and updated books on the subject. The results of this review were encouraging, since it was possible to establish that the diagnosis of renal lithiasis is based on the identification of clinical manifestations, with the support of various tests and procedures. Among them, the use of reactive strips, complete blood counts and the determination of protein C stand out, in addition to the application of imaging techniques such as UroTAC.