Pharmacognostical Exploration And Pharmacological Potential Of Solanum Indicum Berries Belongs To The Family Solanaceae
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
Solanum indicum, also recognized as Vanbhanta or Brihati, holds a significant place in traditional medicinal practices, notably Ayurveda. This review concentrates on a thorough examination of Solanum indicum fruits, encompassing their Pharmacognostical evaluation and potential pharmacological applications. The assessment encompasses various facets such as the plant's morphological traits, microscopic attributes, chemical constituents, and physical constants, offering valuable insights into the plant's quality and purity. Solanum indicum fruits exhibit distinct Pharmacognostical characteristics facilitating their identification and quality assessment. Noteworthy features include the presence of small, spherical berries in shades of yellow to orange, typically measuring 1-2 cm in diameter. The fruit's exterior is smooth, housing numerous small seeds within the inner pulp. Microscopic scrutiny reveals abundant parenchyma cells, vascular bundles, and distinct glandular trichomes. The pharmacological potential spans diverse therapeutic areas, including anticancer, antioxidant, and antipyretic properties, showcasing their versatility as a natural remedy. Research indicates that Solanum indicum fruit extracts may possess antipyretic activity, making them particularly intriguing in regions where they are indigenous. These fruits hold promise in alleviating fever symptoms and contributing to the overall well-being of individuals with febrile conditions. Additionally, preliminary studies suggest that certain compounds within Solanum indicum fruits may exhibit anti-cancer properties by impeding cancer cell growth and inducing apoptosis. Abundant in antioxidants, especially flavonoids and polyphenols, Solanum indicum fruits play a role in scavenging free radicals and shielding cells from oxidative damage.
Downloads
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
References
Jayanthy A, Maurya A, Verma SC, Srivastava A, Shankar MB, Sharma RK(2016). A brief review on pharmacognosy, phytochemistry and therapeutic potential of Solanum indium L. used in Indian Systems of Medicine. Asian Journal of Research in Chemistry. ;9(3):127-32.
Iyer KN, Kolammal M(1960). Pharmacognosy of Ayurvedic Drugs. Department of Pharmacognosy. Govt. Ayurveda College, Trivandrum. ;I(4):99
Deb PK, Ghosh R, Chakraverty R, Debnath R, Das L, Bhakta T(2014). Phytochemical and pharmacological evaluation of fruits of Solanum indicum Linn. Int. J. Pharm. Sci. Rev. Res. Mar;25(2):28-32.
Sasidharan S, Chen Y, Saravanan D, Sundram KM, Latha LY(2011). Extraction, isolation and characterization of bioactive compounds from plants’ extracts. African journal of traditional, complementary and alternative medicines.;8(1).
Asolkar LV, Chopra RN(1992). Second supplement to glossary of Indian medicinal plants with active principles. Publications & Information Directorate;
Kirtikar KR, Basu BD(1975). Indian Medicinal Plants, 2nd edn., Vol. I. Bishen Singh Mahendra Pal Singh: Dehra Dun,India.151.
Https://vikaspedia.in/agriculture/crop-production/package-of-practices/medicinal-and-aromatic-plants/Solanum indicum #:~:text=leaves%20are%20ovate%20in%20outline,about%201.3%e2%80%932.5%20cm%20long
Https://www.iafaforallergy.com/herbs-a-to-z/bruhati-Solanum-indicum/#:~:text=it%20is%20commonly%20known%20as,the%20small%20variety%20of%20brinjal.
Https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solanum_indicum.
Sharma V, Hem K, Seth A, Maurya SK. Current Research Journal of Pharmaceutical and Allied Sciences.
Https://www.planetayurveda.com/library/brihati-Solanum-indicum/
Shah Biren, Sethak(2014). Text book of Pharmacognosy and phytochemistry, 2nd edition, CBS Publishers & Distributors Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi, Chennai, Pune, 115.
Singh GK, Bhandari Anil. The text book of Pharmacognosy, cbs publisher and distributors, 1st edition, New Delhi, Bengaluru, Chennai, Kochi, Kolkata, 32-33.
Murthy GS, Inamdar JA, Rao VS(1980). Organographic study of vessels in some Solanaceae. Phytomorphology.30(2/3):149-58.
Anjana V, Kumari NO, Mathew PM(2005). Trichomes in some south Indian species of Solanum L. Indian Journal Botanical Research. 1(1):65-72.
Anjana VN, Kumari NO, Mathew PM(2008). Intra-specific variations of trichomes in the genus Solanum L. Biodiversity conservation. Jun 1:109-4.
Jayanthy A, Maurya A, Verma SC, Srivastava A, Shankar MB, Sharma RK(2016). A brief review on pharmacognosy, phytochemistry and therapeutic potential of Solanum indium L. used in Indian Systems of Medicine. Asian Journal of Research in Chemistry.9(3):127-32.
Kirtikar KR, Basu BD (1999). Indian medicinal plants. vol 3. International Book Distributors.
Sivarajan VV, Balachandran I (1994). Ayurvedic drugs and their plant sources. Oxford and IBH publishing.
Ashish m, vinit s, kritika h, kumar ms. Plants used for treatment of diarrhea: an ayurvedic prospective.
Kumar S, Malhotra R, Kumar D(2010). Euphorbia hirta: Its chemistry, traditional and medicinal uses, and pharmacological activities. Pharmacognosy reviews. Jan;4(7):58.
Maurya SK, Seth AN(2014). Potential medicinal plants and traditional ayurvedic approach towards urticaria, An allergic skin disorder. Int J Pharm Pharm Sci. 6(5):172-7.
Kumar S, Malhotra R, Kumar D(2010). Euphorbia hirta: Its chemistry, traditional and medicinal uses, and pharmacological activities. Pharmacognosy reviews. Jan;4(7):58.
Deb PK, Ghosh R, Chakraverty R, Debnath R, Das L, Bhakta T(2014). Phytochemical and pharmacological evaluation of fruits of Solanum indicum Linn. Int. J. Pharm. Sci. Rev. Res. Mar;25(2):28-32.
Patwekar SL, Suryawanshi AB, Gaikwad MS, Pedewad SR, Potulwar AP(2016). Standardization of herbal drugs: An overview. The Pharma Innovation. Apr 1;5(4, Part B):100.
Gautam A, Kashyap SJ, Sharma PK, Garg VK, Visht S, Kumar N. Identification, evaluation and standardization of herbal drugs: A review. Der Pharmacia Lettre. 2010;2(6):302-15.
WHO guidelines on good agricultural and collection practices (GACP) for medicinal plants.
Bharatkumar G(2019). A Study on Ameliorative Effects of Karisalai Karpam (KK) on Hepato-Toxicity in Animal Models (Doctoral dissertation, The Tamil Nadu Dr. MGR Medical University, Chennai).Aziz NA, Wal P, Wal A, Saxena MS. Evaluation of a polyherbal powder for treatment of Diabetes Mellitus. Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences. Nov 1;81(6):1070-7.
Unit P, World Health Organization(1992). Quality control methods for medicinal plant materials. World Health Organization;
Trease and evans(2009). Text book of Pharmacognosy. 16th edition. 124-125
British pharmacopoeia. 2012; vol-5.
Bhar K, Mondal S(2022). Proponents Implemented for Quality Standardization and Toxicity Evaluation of Classical Ayurvedic Formulation: Dhatupaushtik Churna. Current Overview on Pharmaceutical Science Vol. 1. Dec 24:163-209.
https://www.yourarticlelibrary.com/medicine/ayurvedic/determination- of-ash-values/49966.
http://www.jiwaji.edu/pdf/ecourse/pharmaceutical/Evaluation%20of%2 0crude%20drugs.pdf.
Chaudhari RK, Girase NO(2015). Determination of soluble extractives and physicochemical studies of bark of Sesbania sesban (L) Merr. Journal of chemical and pharmaceutical research. 7(8):657-60.
Bora KS(2016). Pharmacognostic evaluation and physico-chemical analysis of Ulmus wallichiana Planch. Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Research. Nov 24;4(3):01-7.
Shah Biren, Sethak AK(2014). Text book of Pharmacognosy and phytochemistry, 2nd Edition, CBS Publishers & Distributors Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi, Chennai, Pune, 118
Krishna TA, Krishna TA, Kumuthakallavalli R, Raj VS, Juliet S, Rani TS, Darsana U, Nair SN(2014) Ravindran R. Physico-chemical evaluation and biochemical quantification of crude drug powder (stem) of Chassalia curviflora (Wall. ex Kurz.) Thwaites; A folk medicinal plant. Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry. 3(4):121-4.
Dwiti M(2016). Pharmacognostic evaluation, phytochemical investigation and antioxidant activity on leaves of Marsilea minuta Linn.(Marsileaceae). Journal of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry. 5(2):134-40.
https://www.chips.ac.in/pages/downloads/PPTs/Pcognosy/standardisatio n%20of%20herbal%20drugs.pdf.
Gavali J(2020). Who (world health organization) guidelines for standardi-zation of herbal drugs. Education. Jul.
Rao MM. Comparative study of efficacy of jatyadi ghrita pichu and yasthimadhu ghrita pichu in the management of parikartika (fissure-inano) (Doctoral dissertation, Tilak Maharashtra Vidyapeeth).
Saxena G, Mittal A, Siddiqui AW(2019). Acute Toxicity Studies and In-vitro Antioxidant Potential of Solanum indicum . Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics. Jun 22;9(3-s):736-9.
Gadewar MM, GK P, Mishra PC, Ashraf GM, Almashjary MN, Harakeh S, Upadhye V, Dey A, Singh P, Jha NK, Jha SK(2023). Evaluation of Antidiabetic, Antioxidant and Anti-Hyperlipidemic Effects of Solanum indicum Fruit Extract in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats. Current Issues in Molecular Biology. Jan 19;45(2):903-17.
Hasan RU, Prabhat P, Shafaat K, Khan R(2013). Phytochemical investigation and evaluation of antioxidant activity of fruit of Solanum indicum Linn. International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences. 5(3):237-42.
Bhattacharya AS, Banaushadhi C. 2nd volume, 3rd reprint.
Jaiswal V, Singh SK, Singh AK, Maurya SK(2014). A critical review on antiasthmatic Ayurvedic medicinal plants and compound Formulations. International Journal of Pharmacy Archive. 3(5):400-9.
Gu G, Du Y, Linhardt RJ(2004). Facile synthesis of saponins containing 2, 3-branched oligosaccharides by using partially protected glycosyl donors. The Journal of organic chemistry. Aug 6;69(16):5497-500.
Gopalakrishna SM, Thimappa GS, Thylur RP, Shivanna Y, Sreenivasan A(2014). In-vitro anti-cancer screening of Solanum indicum Rhus succedanea, Rheum emodi and Gardenia gummifera medicinal plants in cancer cells. Research Review Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences.3(4):22-30.
Ashish m, vinit s, kritika h, kumar ms. Plants used for treatment of diarrhea: an ayurvedic prospective.
Kumar S, Malhotra R, Kumar D(2010). Euphorbia hirta: Its chemistry, traditional and medicinal uses, and pharmacological activities. Pharmacognosy reviews. Jan;4(7):58.
Melakyrkhu niangmih, samiran chutia, banyashree das, bapi roy sarkar,biplab kumar dey, atanu
Bhattacharjee(2018), preliminary phytochemical analysis of selected medicinal plants of north eastern region of India, international journal of pharmaceutical research and bio-science · january , volume 7(4): 91-93
Auwal MS, Saka S, Mairiga IA, Sanda KA, Shuaibu A, Ibrahim A(2014). Preliminary phytochemical and elemental analysis of aqueous and fractionated pod extracts of Acacia nilotica (Thorn mimosa). InVeterinary research forum: an international quarterly journal (Vol. 5, No. 2, p. 95). Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran.
Kumar A, Jha KK, Kumar D, Agrawal A, Gupta A(2012). Preliminary phytochemical analysis of leaf and bark (mixture) extract of Ficus infectoria plant. The pharma innovation. Jul 1;1(5, Part A):71.
Https://www.Pharmacy180.com/article/chemical-tests-for-volatile-oils-218/
Bajpai VK, Majumder R, Park JG(2016). Isolation and purification of plant secondary metabolites using column-chromatographic technique. ||| Bangladesh Journal of Pharmacology|||. Oct 1;11(4):844-8.
Http://reports.ias.ac.in/report/18980/analytical-techniques-involved-in-extraction-and purification-of-phytochemicals-from-a-medicinal-plant.:3.2.2
Https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/thin-layer_chromatography
Kumar S, Jyotirmayee K, Sarangi M(2013). Thin layer chromatography: a tool of biotechnology for isolation of bioactive compounds from medicinal plants. International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences Review and Research. Jan;18(1):126-32.
Sankar ravi S. A text book of pharmaceutical analysis ,5th edition, rx publication, tirunelveli -India : 14-2.
Maurya SK, Seth AN(2014). Potential medicinal plants and traditional ayurvedic approach towards urticaria, An allergic skin disorder. Int J Pharm Pharm Sci.6(5):172-7.
Kumar S, Malhotra R, Kumar D(2014). Euphorbia hirta: Its chemistry, traditional and medicinal uses, and pharmacological activities. Pharmacognosy reviews. Jan;4(7):58.
Deb PK, Ghosh R, Chakraverty R, Debnath R, Das L, Bhakta T(2014). Phytochemical and pharmacological evaluation of fruits of Solanum indicum Linn. Int. J. Pharm. Sci. Rev. Res. Mar;25(2):28-32.
Deb PK, Das N, Bhakta RG(2013). Evaluation of in-vitro antioxidant and anthelmintic activity of Solanum indicum Linn. berries. Indo American Journal of Pharmaceutical Research. 2013a.3(2):4123-30.
Hasan RU, Prabhat P, Shafaat K, Khan R(2013). Phytochemical investigation and evaluation of antioxidant activity of fruit of Solanum indicum Linn. International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences. 5(3):237-42.
N’Dri D, Calani L, Mazzeo T, Scazzina F, Rinaldi M, Rio DD, Pellegrini N, Brighenti F(2010). Effects of different maturity stages on antioxidant content of Ivorian Gnagnan (Solanum indicum L.) berries. Molecules. Oct 15;15(10):7125-38.
Bhuvaneswari B, Suguna MM (2014). Hepatoprotective and antioxidant activities of Solanum indicum Linn. Berries. International journal of clinical toxicology.2:71-6.
Narayanaswamy N, Balakrishnan KP(2011). Evaluation of some medicinal plants for their antioxidant properties. Int J Pharm Tech Res. Jan;3(1):381-5.
Chiang HC, Tseng TH, Wang CJ, Chen CF, Kan WS(1991). Experimental antitumor agents from Solanum indicum L. Anticancer research. Sep 1;11(5):1911-7.
Gopalakrishna SM, Thimappa GS, Thylur RP, Shivanna Y, Sreenivasan A(2014). In-vitro anti-cancer screening of Solanum indicum Rhus succedanea, Rheum emodi and Gardenia gummifera medicinal plants in cancer cells. Research Review Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences.3(4):22-30.
Rahman MS, Begum B, Chowdhury R, Rahman KM, Rashid MA(2008). Preliminary cytotoxicity screening of some medicinal plants of Bangladesh. Dhaka Univ. J. Pharm. Sci. Oct 7;7(1):47-52.