Comparative analysis of Hematological changes in Type 2 DM and Hypertensive Patients Post-Covid 19 Vaccination.
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Abstract
Background: The global response to COVID-19 emphasizes vaccination's crucial role, raising concerns about potential hematological changes in individuals with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) and hypertension. Type 2 DM, linked to elevated blood glucose and organ dysfunction, and hypertension, impacting cardiovascular and kidney health, pose challenges. This research aims to analyze post-COVID-19 vaccination hematological changes in these populations, offering insights for tailored vaccination strategies.
Material and Method: The study, involving 100 patients (50 each with Type 2 DM and hypertension), obtained ethical clearance and analyzed hematological parameters using Sysmex XN-330. Inclusion criteria covered clinically diagnosed adults who completed the COVID-19 vaccination series within six months, ensuring accessible medical records and informed consent.
Result: Post-COVID-19 vaccination, T2DM patients demonstrated significantly higher Hemoglobin levels (T2DM: 13.37 ± 2.05 gm/dl; Hypertensive: 11.95 ± 1.87 gm/dl, P < 0.001) and elevated Total Red Blood Cell count (T2DM: 4.73 ± 0.57 million/microliter; Hypertensive: 4.2 ± 0.6 million/microliter, P < 0.001). Absolute leukocyte counts in T2DM were notably increased for Neutrophils, Lymphocytes, Monocytes, and Eosinophils compared to Hypertensive patients. Haematocrit was higher in T2DM (41.33 ± 5.37%) than in Hypertensive patients (37.44 ± 5.5%, P = 0.00028). Platelet Count, Total Leukocyte Count, and differential leukocyte counts showed no significant differences.
Conclusion: The study emphasizes the nuanced hematological responses post-COVID-19 vaccination in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Hypertensive patients. Recognizing these variations underscores the significance of considering underlying health conditions when assessing post-vaccination hematological profiles.
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