Seagrass as a Bioindicator for Heavy Metal Pollution in Semi-Enclosed Marine Ecosystems

Abstract

This study delves into utilizing Seagrass as a bioindicator for heavy metal detection in semi-enclosed marine ecosystems, with a specific focus on the Jordanian coast of the Gulf of Aqaba. The research evaluates the relationship between human activities and the responses of marine organisms, employing the seagrass species Halophila stipulacea as a key subject. This research examines the ability of seagrass to sense and respond to environmental changes, particularly in terms of trace metal accumulation. These accumulations serve as indicators of the marine environment's health and the extent of human impact. Observations revealed differences in trace metal concentrations across three distinct habitats. Notably, varying levels of Cadmium (Cd) and Chromium (Cr) were found in seagrass leaves, while Copper (Cu) and Iron (Fe) were more prevalent in roots. Increased concentrations of Malondialdehyde (MDA), a marker of environmental stress as indicated by lipid peroxidation (LPO), point to a potential link between human activities, such as boating, and the health of seagrass. These findings underscore the complex interactions between marine biology, environmental management, and the innate abilities of organisms to perceive and adapt to changes in their environment. The study bridges the gap in understanding organismal responses to environmental changes and emphasizes the need for ongoing research. Such research is crucial to comprehend the broader effects of environmental shifts on marine life. By continuously monitoring trace metal levels and understanding the responses of seagrass over time, this study lays the groundwork for innovative conservation and management strategies. These strategies are aimed at protecting vital marine environments from the growing impacts of human disturbances.