Geostatistical Interpolation Model Selection Using ArcGIS and Analysis of Submerged Land Surface

Abstract

Geostatistical interpolation is a method of estimating the values of a spatially continuous bathymetry or depth of a submerged coastline, based on a limited number of sample data measured. The bathymetric analysis of the submerged region surrounding the historic port of Poompuhar includes a variety of operations conducted in phases. The survey was conducted using an integrated measuring system by the National Institute of Technology, Chennai which consisted of different levels of Multi Beam Echo Sounder (MBES), GPS, sonar, and ROV. To discover continuous surfaces required for analyzing the morphology of the bottom of submerged Poompuhar, a suitable interpolation technique must be used to get estimated values in regions that were not physically surveyed. Bathymetric and topographic data, which are frequently gathered independently for different objectives, were incorporated into the spatial data utilized for elevation surface modeling. Data are captured in different formats with various resolutions and accuracies; thus, a uniform surface model that will allow for easy and accurate analysis is currently lacking. The primary goal of this research was to develop a high-accuracy model of the surface of a coastal area utilizing input data from multiple sources. ArcGIS is a common software platform for analyzing and visualizing geographic data, and it includes various tools for geostatistical interpolation. The study includes the erosion of the coastline and the increase in the water level. The research revealed fresh scientific and methodological data on Poompuhar's bathymetric characteristics and submerged surface area