Multifactorial Aspects of Adiponectin in Non- Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Abstract

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a significant worldwide health issue strongly associated with obesity and metabolic syndrome. It underscores the critical role of adiponectin, a significant adipokine, in the disease's intricate progression. NAFLD's complexity stems from its interplay with factors like obesity, diabetes, and metabolic syndrome, with reduced adiponectin levels commonly observed in NAFLD patients, influenced by age, gender, lipid profiles, and insulin resistance. Adiponectin's versatility in mitigating insulin resistance, inflammation, and liver fibrosis makes it a focal point in NAFLD research, while recent studies introduce spexin, a neuropeptide, as a potential correlate, adding to the understanding of metabolic disorders. To tailor treatment approaches, recognizing the factors affecting adiponectin levels, such as genetics, lifestyle, and comorbidities, is crucial. Lifestyle changes and specific medications offer promise in improving NAFLD outcomes by modulating adiponectin. The article underscores adiponectin's central role in the complex NAFLD landscape and the need for further research to fully grasp its mechanisms and therapeutic potential in managing this prevalent liver disease, emphasizing the importance of rebalancing adipokines and enhancing metabolic health.