Accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of conventional and advanced methods for the diagnosis of typhoid fever in Malwa region, Punjab

Abstract

Typhoid fever is still a serious health issue in many regions of the globe, especially in underdeveloped nations. Salmonella typhi causes the neglected, possibly deadly infectious illness known as typhoid fever. The goal of the research was to examine the Widal test, Typhi dot, and blood culture's sensitivity and specificity in detecting typhoid disease. The study included 300 samples obtained from the suspected patients of typhoid. All of the patients underwent the Widal test, blood and stool cultures, and the typhidot test for Salmonella enterica serovar typhi. The sensitivity and specificity of all the diagnostic procedures were compared. When compared to stool culture and the Widal test, the most common typhi dot test had a specificity and sensitivity of 96.90% and 100% in typhoid patients, respectively. Stool culture also showed sensitivity and specificity of 79.16% and 100% which was significantly more than the Widal test (16.37% and 65.93% respectively) (P<0.05). FNR and FPR were also measure significantly lower in typhidot (0% and 3%) and stool culture (20.83% and 0%) then the Widal test (83.62% and 34.03%) (P<0.05). The stool culture and Widal test are the standard techniques for diagnosing typhoid illness. Typhi dot test is a brand-new, quick serological test that was made available for purchase to diagnose typhoid illness. The IgM and IgG antibodies against the outer membrane protein (OMP) of Salmonella typhi are intended to be found using the Typhi Dot Test.