The Significance of the Southampton Wound Grading System in Surgical Site Infections

Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to assess the significance of the Southampton wound grading system in predicting and managing surgical site infections (SSIs) among patients undergoing surgery. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted at tertiary care center, involving 120 surgical patients, comprising 105 elective surgeries and 15 emergency surgeries. Patients were categorized based on the Southampton wound grading system, and data on age, gender, surgery type, and SSI occurrence were collected. Statistical analysis included chi-squared tests and Fisher's exact tests. Results: Higher-grade wounds, particularly Grade V, exhibited a significant association with SSIs, emphasizing the system's clinical relevance. Elective surgeries displayed a lower SSI rate (18.75%) compared to emergency surgeries (81.25%). Gender-wise distribution revealed a slightly higher SSI rate among females (18.75%) compared to males (81.25%). Conclusion: The Southampton wound grading system proves valuable in risk stratification, aiding clinicians in tailoring preventive measures. While higher-grade wounds are at greater risk, comprehensive patient assessment and adherence to infection control protocols remain pivotal in SSI prevention. Future research should explore patient-specific variables and surgical practices to refine preventive strategies. Overall, this study underscores the importance of proactive SSI management in diverse surgical settings