In vitro Alpha-Amylase and Alpha-Glucosidase Inhibitory Activity of Solanum Nigrum L Crude Extracts

Abstract

Solanum nigrum has traditionally been used to treat diabetic person as it contains various phytochemicals which are widely used to treat various ailments. In the present work Total Phenolic Content (TPC), Total Flavonoid Content (TFC), antioxidant and antidiabetic activities of 80% (v/v) methanolic crude extract of S. nigrum was done. Total amount of phenols in methanolic extract of fruit, leaves, stem and root of S. nigrum were found to be 63.31, 102.70, 47.96 and 62.17 µg/ml respectively. The flavonoid content was found 23.72, 128.11, 13.54 and 25.12 µg/ml in fruit, leaves, stem and root respectively. The IC₅₀ values in µg/ml for DPPH scavenging activity of various parts of S. nigrum plant was found  to be 38.77  for fruit, 51.45 for leaves, 56.35 for stem and 114.57 for root. The IC₅₀ values for ABTS radical scavenging activity of different parts of S. nigrum plant were found to be fruit (46.93) leaves (51.26), stem (55.96) and root (101.35) µg/ml. The IC₅₀ values in µg/ml for Alpha-amylase activity of different parts of S. nigrum plant was found to be fruit (49.47) leaves (62.83), stem (84.42) and root (178.75).The IC₅₀ values in µg/ml for Alpha-glucosidase activity of different parts of S. nigrum plant was (154.36) for fruit, (163.93) for leaves, (180.10) for stem and (194.17) for root.  This study provides a valuable insight into the therapeutic potential of S. nigrum plant constituents for managing diabetes and warrants further research and clinical investigation for practical applications in diabetic patients.