Prevalence of Mastitis and its Impacts on Milk Composition in Lassi Camel Breed in Lasbela, Pakistan
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.53555/jaz.v45i4.4473Keywords:
Lassi, Camel, Mastitis, Prevalence, MilkAbstract
The current study was done to evaluate prevalence of mastitis in Lassi camel breed in Lasbela, Pakistan. A total of 100 camel cows were selected for milk sampling for isolation and identification of mastitis causing bacteria and biochemical tests. A questionnaire was used to know prevalence of mastitis associated with species, breed, age, parity, and udder hygiene condition, frequency of milking, practice of teat dipping, and feeding frequency of the camel cows. A t-test was used to anylyse the results and prevalence data was expressed in percentage.
The total 43% prevalence of mastitis was observed in Lassi camel of ofLasbella district Balochistan, Pakistan. It was observed that prevalence of mastitis 38%, 41.18%, and 47.5% was increased with advancement in the age 4-7, 7-10, and above 10 years, respectively. It was also observed that some associated factors such as milking and feeding frequency, and udder hygine play important role in mastitis. During mastitis, significantly increased in fat, protein, total solids, solids not fat, and moisture contents, and pH and significantly declined in lactose indices was observed. Staphylococcus aureus species were dominantly found followed with Streptococcus agalactiea and Streptococcus dysagalctiea. This study will helpful to the local farmers and veterinarian regarding proper use of antimicrobial agents, and maintenance of udder hygiene to control mastitis in Lassi camel breed in Lasbela, Pakistan.
Downloads
References
Abdurahman O. 2006. Udder health and milk quality among camels in the Errer valley of eastern Ethiopia. Livestock Res. Rural Dev., 18: 32–38.
Abera T., Legesse Y., Mummed B., Urga B. 2016. Bacteriological quality of raw camel milk along the market value chain in Fafen zone, Ethiopian Somali regional state. BMC Research Notes. 9(1): 285-291.
Ahmad, S., M. Yaqoo, M.Q. Bilal, G. Muhammad, L.G. Yang, M.K. Khan and M. Tariq. 2012. Risk factors associated with prevalence and major bacterial causes of mastitis in dromedary camels (Camelusdromedarius) under different production systems. Trop. Anim. Health. Prod., 44: 107-112.
Al-Dughaym, A.M and A. Fadlelmula. 2015. Prevalence, etiology and its seasonal prevalence of clinical and subclinical camel mastitis in Saudi Arabia. Brit. J. Applied Sci. Technol., 9: 441–449.
Alebie, A., A. Molla, W. Adugna, A. Tesfaye and M. Ejo. 2021. Prevalence, isolation, identification, and risk factors of major bacterial cause of camel subclinical mastitis. Biomed. Res. Int., 5522331. pmid:34307655
Ali, M., M. Avais, M. Ijaz, M. Chaudhary, R. Hussain, A.I. Aqib and N.U Khan. 2019. Epidemiology of subclinical mastitis in dromedary camels (Camelusdromedarius) of two distinct agro-ecological zones of pakistan. Pak. J. Zool.,51(2): 527-532.
Aoac, B.A.M., 1990. Association of official analytical chemists. Official methods of analysis, 12.
Aqib, A.I., I. Muzammil, M.A. Naseer, M. Shoaib, P. Bakht, T. Zaheer and Y.R. Khan. 2022. Pathological insights into camel mastitis. ActaTropica., 106415.
Aqib, A.I., M. Ijaz, A.Z. Durrani, A.A. Anjum, R. Hussain, S. Sana, S.H. Farooqi, K. Hussain and S.S. Ahmad. 2017. Prevalence and antibiogram of Staphylococcus aureus, a camel mastitogen from Pakistan Pak. J. Zool.,49(3). 146-151.
Barlow, J., 2009. Mathematical and molecular epidemiology of subclinical mastitis treatment in lactating dairy cows. 181-192.
Bornstein, S., and M. Younan. 2013. Significant veterinary research on the dromedary camels of Kenya: past and present. J. Camelid Sci., 6: 1–48.
Cervinkova, D., H. Vlkova, I. Borodacova, J. Makovcova, V. Babak, A. Lorencova. 2013. Prevalence of mastitis pathogens in milk from clinically healthy cows. Vet. Med., 58: 567–575.
Durrani, A.Z., Z. Bashir and I. Rasheed. 2017. Epidemiological study of common diseases and their risk factors in camels in South Punjab, Pakistan. Micro.Pathogenesis., 108: 6-12.
Daniel, W.W., 2010. Biostatistics: basic concepts and methodology for the health sciences. John Wiley & Sons, New York. 9th Ed., pp 346-353.
Dworecka-Kaszak, B., A. Krutkiewicz, D. Szopa, M. Kleczkowskiand M.Biegańska. 2012. High prevalence of Candida yeast in milk samples from cows suffering from mastitis in poland. The Scient.World J., 2(3): 123-132.
El Tigani-Asil, E.T.A., G.E. Abdelwahab, J.T.V.P Veedu, A.I. Khalafalla, Z.S.A. Mohamed and H.Z.A. Ishag. 2020. Gangrenous mastitis in dromedary camels in UAE caused by Streptococcus agalactiae. BMC Vet. Res., 16: 174–8. Faye, B. 2018.The enthusiasm for camel production. Emirates J. Food Agri., 249–250.
Faye, B. 2014. The camel today, assets and potentials. Anthropozoologica. 49(2): 167-176.
Faraz, A., Mustafa, M.I., Lateef, M., Yaqoob, M. and Younas, M., 2013. Production potential of camel and its prospects in Pakistan. Punjab University Journal of Zoology, 28(2), pp.89-95.
Gossner, C., N. Danielson, A. Gervelmeyer, F. Berthe, B. Faye, and K. KaasikAaslav. 2016. Human–dromedary camel interactions and the risk of acquiring zoonotic Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus infection. Zoono.Pub.health., 63: 1–9. pmid:25545147.
Geresu, M.A., AberaLeliso, S. and Liben, G.W., 2021. Camel mastitis: Prevalence, risk factors, and isolation of major bacterial pathogens in Gomole district of Borena zone, southern Ethiopia. Veterinary medicine international, 2021.
Hadef, L., B. Hamad and H. Aggad. 2022. Risk factors associated with subclinical mastitis and its effect on physico-mineral features of camel milk. Tropical Anim. Health Produc., 54(4): 224.
Husein, A., Haftu, B., Hunde, A., Tesfaye, A. 2013. Prevalence of mastitis in jijiga Town, Ethopia. African journal of agricultural research. 8(24): 3113-3120.
He, Y., M. Song, Y. Zhang, X. Li, J. Song, Y. Zhang and Y. Yu. 2016. Whole-genome regulation analysis of histone H3 lysin 27 trimethylation in subclinical mastitis cows infected by Staphylococcus aureus. BMC. Genomics, 17: 565-576.
Hertl, J.A., Y.T. Grohn, J.D. Leach, D. Bar, G.J.Bennett, and R.N. Gonzalez. 2010. Effects of clinical mastitis caused by gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria and other organisms on the probability of conception in New York State Holstein dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci., 93: 1551–1560. pmid:20338432
ILCA, 1990, Livestock Systems Research Manual.ILCA Working Paper 1.International Livestock Center for Africa, Addis Ababa.
Karabasanavar, N., L. Manjunatha, M.N. Jeevan and G.S. Naveenkumar. 2021. Evaluation of surf field mastitis test (SFMT) for the detection of subclinical mastitis in dairy cows. Asian J. Dairy Food Res., 40(4): 380-383.
Kakar, A.R., 2009. Assessing the potential of the indigenous livestock breeds of Balochistan. A Dry net Sci Tech Expertise Technical report.
KerroDego, O., and F. Tareke. 2003. Bovine mastitis in selected areas of southern Ethiopia. Tropic. Anim. Health Product., 35: 197-205.
Klaas, I.C. and R.N. Zadoks. 2018. An update on environmental mastitis: challenging perceptions. Transboundary Emerging Dis., 65: 166–185.
Kumar, D., A.K. Verma, M.K. Chatli, R. Singh, P. Kumar, N. Mehta and O.P. Malav.2016. Camel milk: alternative milk for human consumption and its health benefits. Nutr. Food Sci.,46(2): 217-227.
Nagy, P.P, Skidmore, J.A, Juhasz, J. 2022. Intensification of camel farming and milk production with special emphasis on animal health, welfare and the biotechnology of reproduction. Animal Frontiers. 12 (4): 35-45.
National Mastitis Council, Inc., 1990. Microbiological procedures for the diagnosis of bovine udder infection.Nation. Mastitis Counc., Inc., Arlington, VA, USA. 42: 457–464.
Obied A.I., H.O. Bagadi and M.M. Mukhtar. 1996. Mastitis in camelusdromedarius and the somatic cell content of camels’ milk. Res. Vet. Sci., 61: 55–58. pmid:8819195
Oikonomou, G., M.L. Bicalho, E. Meira, R.E. Rossi, C. Foditsch, and V.S. Machado. 2014. Microbiota of cow’s milk; distinguishing healthy, sub-clinically and clinically diseased quarters. PLoS One. 9: 804-859.
Petrie, A. and P. Watson. 2013. Statistics for veterinary and animal science. John Wiley & Sons. 2(4): 121-129.
Sarwar, N.U. 2013. Clinic-bacteriological characterization of mastitis in cholistan camel breeds in Rahim-Yar Khan. Pakistan. M.Phil thesis, Faculty Veterinary Sciences, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan. 3(4): 144-149.
Smith Ann, C., and A. H Marise. 2005. Gram stain protocols. Am. Socie. Microbiol., 1: 14.
Swelum, A.A., M.T. El-Saadony, M. Abdo, R.A. Ombarak, E.O.S. Hussein, and G. 2021. Nutritional, antimicrobial and medicinal properties of Camel’s milk: A review. Saudi J. Biol. Sci., 28: 3126–3136.
Younan, M., Z. Ali, S. Bornstein and W. Muller. 2013. Application of the california mastitis test in intramammary Streptococcus agalactiae and Staphylococcus aureus infections of camels (Camelusdromedarius) in Kenya. Prev. Vet. Med., 51: 307–316.
Worldstats, 2023. Camel population by country 2023. www.worldostats.com
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Ayaz Qadir, Aqsa, Mukhtiar Ahmed, Asif Ali, Dilawar Hussain, Fazal Ur Rehman
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.