Comparative Evaluation Of Different Carbon Sources In The Biofloc System While Growing Out Common Carp (Cyprinus Carpio L.) Fry
Main Article Content
Abstract
A 10 weeks feeding trial was carried out to evaluate the effects of different carbon sources (sugar beet molasses: SBM + BFT, sugar: S + WF (Wheat Flour) BFT, corn starch: CS + BFT) on water quality, growth performance, for common carp FRY. Results showed a significant difference in water quality parameters among different culture systems; CS + BFT had the lowest amount of total ammonia nitrogen (TAN) at the end of culture period. The fish weight was the highest in CS + BFT. Overall, this study suggests that microbial flocs formed in corn starch based biofloc can improve common carp growth performance and tanks water quality under zero water exchange and hence ensures sustainability
Downloads
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
References
Asaduzzaman, M. Wahab, M.A. Verdegem, M.C.J. Adhikary, R.K..Rahman, S.M.S Azim, M.E. Verreth ,J.A.J.(2010) Effects of carbohydrate source for maintaining a high C:N ratio and fish driven re-suspension on pond ecology and production in periphyton-based freshwater prawn culture systemsAquaculture, 301, 37-4.
Avnimelech, Y. (1999). Carbon/nitrogen ratio as a control element in aquaculture systems. Aquaculture, 176(3-4), 227-235.
Avnimelech, Y. (2006). Bio-filters: The need for an new comprehensive approach, Aquacultural Engineering, 34(3), 172-178.
Avnimelech, Y. (2007). Feeding with microbial flocs by tilapia in minimal discharge bio-flocs technology ponds, Aquaculture,226,1-4.
Avnimelech, Y. (2012). Biofloc technology: a practical guide book. World Aquaculture Society.
Azim, M., & Little, D. (2008). The Biofloc technology (BFT) in indoor tanks: water quality, biofloc composition, and growth and welfare of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus. Aquac 283: 29–35.
Bakar, N. S. A., Nasir, N. M., Lananan, F., Hamid, S. H. A., Lam, S. S., & Jusoh, A. (2015). Optimization of C/N ratios for nutrient removal in aquaculture system culturing African catfish,(Clarias gariepinus) utilizing Bioflocs Technology. International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation, 102, 100-106.
Becerra-Dorame, M. J., Martínez-Córdova, L. R., Martínez-Porchas, M., & Lopez-Elías, J. A. (2011). Evaluation of autotrophic and heterotrophic microcosm-based systems on the production response of Litopenaeus vannamei intensively nursed without Artemia and with zero water exchange.
Becerra-Dorame, M. J., Martínez-Córdova, L. R., Martínez-Porchas, M., & Lopez-Elías, J. A. (2011). Evaluation of autotrophic and heterotrophic microcosm-based systems on the production response of Litopenaeus vannamei intensively nursed without Artemia and with zero water exchange.
Crab, O. Kochva, M. Verstraete, W. Avnimelech, Y. (2009) Bio-flocs technology application in over-wintering of tilapia,Aquacultural Engineering, 40(3),105-112.
Ekasari J., Crab R. & Verstraete W. (2015) Primary nutritional content of bio-flocs cultured with different organic carbon sources and salinity. Hayati Journal of Biosciences 17, 125–130.
Ekasari, J. Zairin, M. Putri, D.U. Sari, N.P. Surawidjaja, E.H. Bossier, P. (20158). Biofloc-Based Reproductive Performance of Nile Tilapia Oreochromis Niloticus L. Broodstock. Aquac,46, 509–512.
FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization), 2016. Cultured Aquatic Species Information Programme Penaeus Monodon (Fabricius, 1798).
Kim, Y. S., Sasaki, T., Awa, M., Inomata, M., Honryo, T., Agawa, Y., & Sawada, Y. (2016). Effect of dietary taurine enhancement on growth and development in red sea bream Pagrus major larvae. Aquaculture Research, 47(4), 1168-1179.
Komen, J. (1990). Clones of common carp, Cyprinus carpio: new perspectives in fish research. Wageningen University and Research.
Megahed, M. E. (2010). The effect of microbial biofloc on water quality, survival and growth of the green tiger shrimp (Penaeus semisulcatus) fed with different crude protein levels. Journal of the Arabian Aquaculture Society, 5(2), 119-142.
Najdegerami, E.H., Bakhshi, F. & Lakani, F.B. Effects of biofloc on growth performance, digestive enzyme activities and liver histology of common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) fingerlings in zero-water exchange system. Fish Physiol Biochem 42, 457–465 (2016).
Samocha,T.L., Lawrence, Craig, A., Collins, Frank, L. Castille, William, A. Bray, C.J. Davies, P.G. Lee, G.F. Wood., (2004) Production of the Pacific White Shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei, in High-Density Greenhouse-Enclosed Raceways Using Low Salinity Groundwater. Journal of Applied Aquaculture 15:3-4, 1-19.
Schryver, P. D., Crab, R. Defoirdt, T. Boon, N. Verstraete, W. (2008) The basics of bio-flocs technology: The added value for aquaculture, Aquaculture,227,125-137.
Verma, R., Balakrishnan, L., Sharma, K. (2016). A network map of Interleukin-10 signaling pathway. J. Cell Commun. Signal. 10, 61–67.
Wang, N. Xu, X. Kestemont P. (2009) Effect of temperature and feeding frequency on growth performances, feed efficiency and body composition of pikeperch juveniles Sander lucioperca quaculture, 289, 70-73.
Widanarni, W., Wahjuningrum, D., & Puspita, F. (2012). Aplikasi bakteri probiotik melalui pakan buatan untuk meningkatkan kinerja pertumbuhan udang windu (Penaeus monodon). Jurnal Sains Terapan: Wahana Informasi dan Alih Teknologi Pertanian, 2(1), 19-29.
Xu, W. J., Pan, L. Q., Sun, X. H., & Huang, J. (2013). Effects of bioflocs on water quality, and survival, growth and digestive enzyme activities of Litopenaeus vannamei (Boone) in zero‐water exchange culture tanks. Aquaculture Research, 44(7), 1093-1102.
Zhao, P. Huang, J. Xiu-Hua .W. Xiao-Ling ,S. Cong-Hai, Y. Xu-Guang ,Z. Guo-Cheng.,(2012). The application of bioflocs technology in high-intensive, zero exchange farming systems of Marsupenaeus japonicus, Aquaculture, 354(355), 97-106.