Interpretation of Brain Abscess Through: A Systematic Review Using the Prism 2020 Methodology

Abstract

A brain abscess is an accumulation of infected material, such as pus and necrotic tissue, in the brain. It can occur due to bacterial, fungal, or parasitic infections in the body that spread to the brain. Objective: The aim of the study was to interpret brain abscess using a systematic review with PRISMA 2020 methodology. The study was exploratory level, relying on hermeneutics to interpret the systematic review with the PRISMA 2020 methodology, carried out in the SCOPUS, Web Science, SciELO and PubMed Central databases, specifically, 53 results were achieved.  It was found that the analyses carried out in Latin America on the clinical, radiological, and pathological manifestations associated with brain abscess indicate that the predominant symptoms include fever, headache, altered level of consciousness and seizures, and that most abscesses are in the frontal and temporal lobe. Multiple risk factors for mortality and morbidity in patients with brain abscess were identified, including delay in diagnosis and treatment, presence of comorbidities, and abscess size. A higher mortality rate was observed in patients with brain abscess in Latin America compared to other regions of the world. It was concluded that early identification of underlying causes may help prevent recurrence of brain abscess. Several future studies are suggested including the use of fuzzy logic and neutrosophy associated with brain abscesses.