Morphometric Study On Pterion And Its Clinical Importance.
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Abstract
Background: The pterion which is the meeting point of the frontal, parietal, greater wing of the sphenoid, and squamous part of temporal bones. The pterion is situated approximately 4 cm above the midpoint of the zygomatic arch and 3.5 cm posterior to the frontozygomatic suture. The anatomical and clinical significance of pterion is it marks the position of the anterior branch of the middle meningeal artery, Broca’s area of speech, Sylvian point and anterior pole of the insula. The knowledge of the position the of pterion and the structures deep to it has the utmost importance to burr holes in draining the extradural hematoma caused due to the rupture of branches of middle meningeal arteries. In the neonatal skull, it corresponds to anterolateral fontanelle.
Materials and Methods: The present study conducted with 96 adult dry skull, both sides pterions were measured carefully, the skulls were divided accoding to gender. The morphometric measurements were carried out by measuring the distance from the centre of the pterion to six different locations of the skull including, anterior aspect of the frontozygomatic suture - PSFZ, the zygomatic angle - PZAN, the zygomatic arch - PZA, Henle’s spine- PH, mastoid process of the temporal bone - PMP, external occipital protuberance - PI.
Results: The distance from the center of the pterion to the anterior aspect of the frontozygomatic suture – PSFZ was 35.8+5.3mm, distance from the center of the pterion to the zygomatic angle – PZAN was 40.4+5.35mm, distance from the center of the pterion to the zygomatic arch – PZA 39.85+4.65mm, distance from the center of the pterion to Henle’s spine- PH was61.55+4.25mm, distance from the center of the pterion to the mastoid process of the temporal bone – PMP was 85.7+5.65mm, distance from the center of the pterion to the external occipital protuberance – PI was 131.75+7.3mm.
Conclusion: As pterion is very important point, it is thinner than other parts of skull and deep to it middle meningeal artery and broca`s area are present. The present study results may be helpful in practice of neurosurgery, forensic experts and anthropologists.
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