Stress Distribution in Alveolar Bone with Micro-Osteoperforations During Retraction: A Finite Element Analysis Validated By CBCT

Abstract

This study investigates the biomechanical effects of micro-osteoperforations (MOPs) on stress distribution in the alveolar bone and periodontal ligament (PDL) during orthodontic canine retraction using three-dimensional Finite Element Analysis (FEA) validated by Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT). A patient-specific 3D FEA model of a maxillary hemiarch was created from CBCT data. Two conditions were simulated: conventional retraction and retraction with MOPs, which involved three strategically placed perforations. A consistent retraction force of 1.5 N was applied to the canine bracket. Results showed that MOPs significantly altered stress distribution, increasing von Mises stress concentration in the alveolar bone by approximately 35.3% and enhancing initial canine tooth displacement by about 38.5%. This suggests that MOPs create a biomechanical environment that facilitates accelerated tooth movement by increasing stress and strain in the alveolar bone, potentially reducing resistance to movement. The study emphasizes the value of integrating CBCT data for model construction and post-treatment validation in optimizing MOP-assisted orthodontic treatments.