Restitutive Effects of Allium Sativum on Oxidative Stress and Hepatotoxicity in Dimethoate Induced Mus Musculus

Abstract

Dimethoate (DT) is an organophosphate insecticide which is widely used in agricultural fields for the control of several types of insect pests. It causes toxicity in mammals by inducing oxidative stress and hepatotoxicity by disrupting antioxidant defences and altering liver biomarkers. The present study evaluates the restitutive potential of Allium sativum aqueous extract against DT-induced toxicity (16 mg/kg) in Swiss albino mice by the assessment of biochemical markers including lipid peroxidation, total serum protein, albumin, cholesterol and liver enzymes (ALT, AST, ALP). DT exposure significantly increased oxidative stress, as evidenced by elevated MDA levels (165.48%), disrupted liver function by increasing ALT (26.83%), AST (41.74%) and ALP (22.34%) levels. DT exposure also reduced total protein and albumin levels (31.97% and 30.24%) and induced hypercholesterolemia (27.33%). The co-administration of A. sativum (200mg/kg) with DT, effectively prevents the toxicity by reducing oxidative stress (126.9%), normalising liver enzymes levels and restoring serum protein (28.07%), albumin (19.93%) and cholesterol (23.9%) levels. The lower dose of A. sativum (100 mg/kg) provided partial protection and its restitutive efficacy was found to be statistically insignificant. This study highlights the strong antioxidative, hepatoprotective, hypolipidemic properties and dose-dependent effect of A. sativum, supporting its potential as a natural therapeutic agent against pesticide-induced toxicity.