Engineering for Cellulases from Escherichia coli and Thermostable Organisms for increased Production of Biofuels
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.53555/jaz.v41i01-02.4948Keywords:
Biofuels, Cellulase, Escherichia coli, Lignin, LignocelluloseAbstract
In order to mitigate climate change there is a possibility of producing biofuels from renewable sources. The design of biocatalysts can efficiently convert cheap lignocellulosic raw material into liquids fuels. Genetic and metabolic knowledge associated with Escherichia coli, makes this bacterium is the most appropriate starting point for engineering catalysts for biofuel production. Hemicellulose and lignin, together “lignocellulose” prevents access of cellulolytic enzymes to the cellulose. Cellulases are subjected to tight induction and regulation systems and additionally suffer inhibition from numerous end products. Bacterial cellulases are considered to be more stable. Work has been done on the cellulases to improve its thermostability which could increase the hydrolysis performance but still there is no thermostable cellulase available for commercial applications. Approaches like protein engineering, reconstitution of protein mixture are gaining importance to improve thermostability. Further the details about the importance of biofuel application and the distinctive challenge that protein engineering faces in the method of changing lignocelluloses to biofuels and their advances in this field has been highlighted.
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