Menstruation and Menstrual Disorder: A Review

Abstract

Periodic bleeding is the visible manifestation of ovarian cycling. An average woman in developed countries can expect to experience more than 400 menstrual cycles during her reproductive lifetime. It is important to have a thorough understanding of the endometrial pathways that regulate implantation and menstrual cycles. Menstrual cycles usually last around 28 days, although they can vary from person to person. Menarche depend on the nutrition and heredity. Menstrual cycle irregularities may also be linked to endocrine instability, low body weight, intense exercise, and psychological stress. Among adolescent girls, dysmenorrhea is one of the most common gynecologic conditions. It is defined as pain in the pelvis that is directly related to menstruation. Other symptoms include headache, back pain, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhoea.