Integrative Phylogenetic Analysis of the Phylum Ciliophora with Descriptions of Putatively Novel Species
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.69980/jaz.v43iS1.5446Keywords:
Torsion, Putrefied, Anoxic, Hypoxic, Armophorea, Metopus, Brachonella, CaenomorphaAbstract
Armophorea, a highly specialized group of diverse ciliates with torsion in the anterior end, mostly inhabit anoxic or hypoxic biotopes, and very little information is known about their diversity, taxonomy, and systematics with advanced studies despite classical studies provided several descriptions and resulted in ambiguity. The main reason being is the oxygen toxicity to these organisms and difficulty in enrichment of clones and absolutely skill demanding to process them for laboratory experiments. In this work, these ciliates were cultured in laboratory for 3 years by maintaining oxic anoxic balance without employing any special anoxic chambers. As a result, the present work investigates three potentially new ciliates namely TBS19, KWBL12, MMP22–Metopus finlaii sp. nov. (close to Metopus contortus); KKV12–Metopus fencheli sp. nov. (close to Metopus fuscus); KB2–Metopus sp. nov. (close to Metopus paeliformides); morphological and molecular characterization of KTC18–Metopus setosus; TP4–Metopus es and KTC12, KTC16, KTC18–Brachonella spiralis spp. respectively; one Caenomorphid ciliate was described by morphological and molecular methods i.e. TP4–Caenomorpha sp. could be or contrary new combination or species described only through morphological methods. Moreover, all these species described here were new reports to India which were isolated from the putrefied zone of fresh water source, Lake Kolleru, India. and subjected to molecular characterization in order to update the phylogeny of the class. Moreover, Brachonella spiralis was described intact for the first time with several methods integrated together providing comprehensive taxonomy via light microscopy (In vivo analysis, silver and Feulgen staining respectively); electron microscopy (SEM&TEM); 18s rDNA sequencing and phylogeny.
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