Cytotoxicity Effects of Formulated Mangosteen Rind and Grape Seed Extract Against Vero Cells, Breast Cancer and Colon Cancer

Abstract

Globally, cancer causes millions of deaths in addition to significant social and economic consequences. Even in cases when the level of tolerated therapy has not been reached to suppress the death rate and shorten the duration of survival for metastatic cancer patients, novel therapeutic strategies are being employed, including medications, biological molecules, and immune-mediated therapies. Traditional medical practices relied heavily on plant-derived natural compositions to treat a variety of illnesses. When science-based "modern" medicine first appeared, it was carefully studied if there was any scientific basis for using natural remedies derived from plants to cure ailments. Scientists continued, however, to search for the scientific foundations of medical plants, herbal remedies, and functional foods. Finding therapeutic plant-based active principles has led to significant advancements in the identification and use of natural chemicals for the treatment of many ailments in recent decades.  Mangosteen rind extract and grape seed extract, both high in antioxidants, were mixed as a formulation to explore the cytotoxic effects on breast and colon cancer. The cytotoxicity of MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 (breast cancer) and HT-29 (colon cancer) was investigated and compared to the standard (Doxorubicin). The findings of the cytotoxicity assays show that the addition of Mangosteen and grape seed extract to MTT assays gradually improved the inhibition of MCF-7, MDA-MB-231, and HT-29 cells. Mangosteen and grape seed extract treatment boosted the fraction of cells undergoing apoptosis in MCF-7, MDA-MB-231, and HT-29 cancer cell lines. Thus, the invitro study results of compounded mangosteen and grape seed extract revealed that they are effective anti-cancer, anti-fungal, anti-bacterial, and antioxidant agents.